The Ottoman Empire ruled over much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa for more than 600 years. The Empire collapsed during World War 1. A new leader, Mustafa Kamal, has emerged, leading the Turkish national movement opposed to the partition of mainland Turkey. Kemal established a provincial government in Ankara. He defeated the troops sent by the Allies. The war between the Allies and the Turkish national movement lasted until 1923, when a treaty between the Allies and Mustafa Kamal was signed in Lausanne, Switzerland. This contract is known as The Treat of Lausanne. He defied the frontier of modern turkey. Among many agreements, there was a separate agreement with the United States, the Chester Concession. In the United States, the treaty was rejected by several groups, including the Committee Against the Treaty of Lausanne (COLT), and on September 18. In January 1927, the United States Senate refused to ratify the treaty by 50 votes to 34, six votes less than the two-thirds required by the Constitution.

[20] As a result, Turkey cancelled the concession. [9] This is reflected in Turkey`s military concentration on the borders with Iraq and Syria and its involvement in the Red Sea through an agreement on the Sudanese island of Sawaken and the Turkish military intervention in the northern Syrian city of Afrin. And how do the current great powers handle Turkish demands? Will we see wars before 2023, and who will lead this change Recep Tayyib Erdogan`s statement on the eve of the centenary of the Turkish Republic is a striking indication that something revolutionary will happen after 2023. He said Turkey will shape the future of the entire region if it achieves its 2023 goals. Turkey is on the cusp of new victories and successes, he added. Subsequently, the “Lausanne II Conference” took place, the work of which lasted three months and led to the signing of the “Treaty of Lausanne”, an international peace agreement on July 24, 1923 in the hotel “Beau Plus Rivage” in Lausanne, southern Switzerland, the contracting parties include the victorious powers after the First World War (in particular Great Britain, France and Italy) and the Ottoman Empire, which led its delegation to the conference, Ismet Inonu, and officially on the basis of which the Ottoman Empire was divided and the Turkish Republic was founded under the presidency of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. With the expiry of the 100-year-old treaty in 2023, Turkey itself will enter a new era by drilling oil and digging a new canal between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara as a prelude to charging the fee on passing ships. This seismic evolution, combined with Turkey`s recent military adventurism, suggests that the geographical contours of the region are likely to undergo a gigantic metamorphosis after the end of the Treaty of Lausanne. Given the emerging geopolitical realities, Pakistan should also formulate a strategy to take advantage of the opportunities that Turkey will offer in the coming days. It is expected to develop a holistic plan consisting of two phases before the 2023 era and the post-2023 era. In addition, it should study the Turkish market in detail and export the products adapted to the needs of the Turkish population. The international community has begun to pay more attention to Turkey`s efforts, particularly with regard to the expiry of the Treaty of Lausanne.

According to international law, any treaty expires after 100 years, and Erdogan aims to link the expiration of this treaty in 2023 to the current situation in Mosul in northern Iraq, as well as raqqa and Afrin in Syria. With the expiry of the 100-year-old treaty in 2023, Turkey can usher in a new era as it can drill for oil and establish a new canal between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara as a prelude to charging the fee on passing ships. It could be called the Istanbul Canal. The Bosphorus controls trade around the world. Hundreds of ships cross this strait every day. This strait has been declared international. Turkey cannot impose anything on ships. After 2023, Turkey will be able to levy taxes on ships crossing the Bosphorus. Turkey is planning a project to connect the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmora, the aim of which is to facilitate movement in the Bosphorus. However, this important agreement, known as the Treaty of Lausanne, which expires in July 2023, could set a precedent for Turkey to revive its former colonial ambitions. In September 1984, after years of negotiations, the British and Chinese signed a formal agreement authorizing the return of the island to China in 1997 in exchange for China`s promise to maintain Hong Kong`s capitalist system, and on the first of July 1997, Hong Kong was officially handed over to China at a ceremony attended by a number of Chinese and British personalities. The head of Hong Kong`s new government, Tung Chee Hwa, has established a policy based on the concept of “one country, two systems” that maintains Hong Kong`s role as a major capitalist center in Asia.

In 1923, the agreement was ratified after several rounds. In 1839, Britain invaded China to crush resistance to its involvement in the country`s economic and political affairs, and one of the main objectives of the British war was to occupy Hong Kong Island, populated off the coast of southeastern China. The new British colony (Hong Kong Island) experienced prosperity as it became a trading center between East and West and a commercial gateway and distribution center for southern China, and in 1898, Britain received an additional 99 years of rule over Hong Kong under the Second Beijing Accords. Oil has become the world`s most important energy source since the Industrial Revolution. Its products underpin modern society and mainly provide energy for the energy industry, home heating and fuel supply for vehicles and aircraft. The economies of many Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Iran, depend solely on oil exports. Unfortunately, Turkey cannot drill its own oil, as this is prohibited by the Treaty of Lausanne. It had to import oil from other countries, which was expensive.

After 2023, the restriction imposed on Turkey will be lifted, Turkey will explore and drill its own oil, which will reduce its dependence on other countries. If Turkey finds enough reserves, it can export oil. Revenues from oil exports will boost GDP. Here it is possible to strike a balance between the Lausanne II Treaties and the “Treaty of Nanking”, which China ceded to Britain after the First Opium War by signing the Chenba Agreement, which aims to end the First Anglo-Chinese Conflict. Thus, Turkey`s moves to pave the way for its mythical “New Turkey 2023” included: the expansion of the Turkish country into the northern part of Syria, Iraq and the Kurds` prevention of its own unified state. Turkey is the 19th largest economy in the world with its $771.4 billion economy. Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan has said Turkey will enter a new era after 2023. Experts say that Turkey will be included in the top 10 countries in the world after 2023. But the question arises, how will this be possible? What will happen in Turkey in 2023? Before you start our video, subscribe to our channel and tap on the bell icon. It has to import oil from other countries. A natural Bosphorus Strait is a waterway of international importance in northwestern Turkey. It acts as a natural border between Europe and Asia and controls world trade.

In the Treaty of Lausanne, it was declared international, which simply means that Turkey cannot levy taxes on ships crossing this waterway. “We are determined to enter the year 2023, when we celebrate the 100th anniversary of our republic as a stronger, more independent and more prosperous country economically, militarily, politically and diplomatically,” Erdogan added. Turkey is waging proxy wars in the Middle East. Turkey`s military operation in Syria indicates the restoration of land once owned by Turkey. If Turkey succeeds in reconquering its country, it could revive the Ottoman Empire. Erdogan announced that Turkey will shape the future of the entire region when it reaches its goal in 2023. .